Social Studies Study Guide Chapter 2

Social Studies Study Guide Chapter 2

1. According to the land bridge theory, the early people crossed into North America from Asia.
2. Migration means a movement of people.
3. ancestor – an early family member
4. artifacts – objects made by people
5. civilization – a group of people with ways of life, religion, and learning
6. A tradition is a way of life or an idea that has been handed down from the past.
7. The main reason that early peoples in the Americas began to live in larger more settled villages is because they developed agriculture.
8. The division of labor made it possible for people to produce more goods.
9. The Eastern Woodlands and the Northwest Coast peoples depended upon the natural resource of trees. They used trees to make canoes, longhouses, carved tool and weapons from wood. Trees were also a source of food such as cherries and plums.
10. The two main language groups of Native Americans in the Eastern Woodlands cultural region included Algonquian and Iroquoian.
11. Olmec culture had a strong influence upon the Mayan civilizations.
12. The Mayan civilization developed their own writing system and developed a counting system that included the number zero.
13. The main purpose of the Iroquois League resolve conflicts among people peacefully.
14. The Iroquois lived in shelters called longhouses.
15. After water, buffalo were the Plains’ most important natural resource. Unlike the Eastern Woodlands and Northwest Coast peoples, the Plains Native Americans did not have great trees.
16. A ceremony is a celebration to honor a cultural or religious event.
17. Adobe bricks were sun-dried bricks made of clay and straw. These were commonly used in the Southwest region for shelter called pueblos.
18. The Northwest Coast people used the coastal waters as an important resource, and salmon was a staple food for most groups.
19. Whales were an important resource, too. Whales supplied not only food but also fat, which could be melted into oil to burn in lamps.
20. An economy is the way the people of a state, region, or country use their resources to meet their needs.
21. The Inuit people of the Arctic learned to adapt their shelters to the resources that were available by using blocks of ice to build igloos because there were no trees in the Arctic.
22. The Aleut people lived in houses with beams made of whalebone and walls made of sod.
23. Some Inuit families lived year-round in tents of animal skin or in sod houses.